November 8, 2016 |
Field Notes |
Marina Elettra Snow
What is the difference between Chianti and Chianti Classico?
If there is one thing I know, after studying to become a second level Sommelier in Italy, there are lots and lots of denominations and classifications of Italian wine — 73 DOCG, 330 DOC and 118 IGT to be exact. In addition to these classifications, there are also types to consider, such as: Riserva, Superiore, White, Red, Sparkling, etc. Then, there are sub-zones to consider. All this to say, there are many combinations and details to know about and consider.
One aspect that has particularly confused many a wine lover is this simple and basic question: What is the difference between Chianti and Chianti Classico?
The basic answer is geography
The region of Tuscany has an area where their wine is allowed to be called Chianti Classico and another region where they call their wine Chianti. These regions butt up against each other and fit together like puzzle pieces as shown here in these two images taken from the QuattroCalici, Italy’s leading resource for Sommeliers and those seeking detailed information about Italian wine.
As you can see, the Chianti Classico Region is nestled right in the middle of the Chianti Region. It should be noted that both Chianti Classico and Chianti are wines made with predominately Sangiovese grapes.
Additionally, both can use the classification “Riserva,” meaning the wine is aged for a minimum of 24 months in oak. And both existed since 1967 (when they were combined as a single region) and were separated to two DOCG wines in 1997.
The winemakers in the current Chianti Classico region are the original and first legally defined wine-making area in the world!! Chianti Classico Region can date its official start back to 1716, when the grand duke of Tuscany made the decree himself to create this region. They also claim to have more selective processes and make better wine (but who doesn’t claim that their products are the best?).
A second consideration is the blend
Another difference in the disciplines that must be followed to achieve the classification for their wine is:
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Chianti Classico DOCG requires a minimum of 80% Sangiovese
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Chianti DOCG requires a minimum of 75%
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Both with the remaining 20% or 25%, respectively, being Canaiolo, Trebbiano, Malvasia or other Tuscan red grapes that come from the province in which the wine is made.